Productive Players Online Computer Games - 1397 Words

Critical Review Humphreys, S. (2005.) â€Å"Productive Players: Online Computer Games’ Challenge to Conventional Media Forms.† Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies 2(1), pp. 37-51. The article I am going to review is Productive Players: Online Computer Games’ Challenge to Conventional Media Forms, written by Sal Humphreys in 2005. The journal was published in Journal of Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies and the author is a creative industries researcher who works at the Queensland University of Technology in Australia. The article is mainly about an emergent form of the relationships in computer games—how the social relationships have changed to adapt to new types of community networks, using EverQuest as an example. In the†¦show more content†¦She considers the existing Intellectual Property Laws may obstruct the development of the creativity in the virtual environment. Also, she refers to the previous research of operation patterns in the industry of computer games. In this setting, content regulation appears a more related system than property laws that address proprietorship, circulation and access to the media. It is challe nging to balance the interests of different parties and ownerships of copyrights, and accommodate the burgeoning system. This paper examines and reflects the differences between the conventional media and the online multiplayer games.Basically, the conventional media followed a linear model, in which the roles of the publisher and the players are clearcut, that is, the publisher is the producer while the players are the consumer. However, for the online multiplayer games, such as the EverQuest, the players can also be producers as the time when they are playing the games. It thus generates three critical problems that are related to the regulation, intellectual property, culture and commerce. Generally speaking, the article is logical and the distribution of paragraphs is consistent and explicit. The explanation of how players can be treated as productive players who create commercial value and suggestions for improvement for EverQuest is vivid and understandable. There is a clear introduction of the changing relationships from conventional online game rules of receiving

Erich Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front Essay

Erich Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front â€Å"I am young, I am twenty years old; yet I know nothing of life but despair, death, fear, and fatuous superficiality cast over an abyss of sorrow. I see how peoples are set against one another, and in silence, unknowingly, foolishly, obediently, innocently slay one another (263).† Powerful changes result from horrifying experiences. Paul Baumer, the protagonists of Erich Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front utters these words signifying the loss of his humanity and the reduction to a numbed creature, devoid of emotion. Paul’s character originates in the novel as a young adult, out for an adventure, and eager to serve his country. He never realizes the terrible pressures that war†¦show more content†¦He states that when he goes home, his family will be shocked to hear this language. Paul treats his lingual freedom as privilege that soldiers have, and shows the benefits of living a soldier’s life. He refers to the front as if it were a para dise, for he can use vulgar language and not worry about manners and decorum. He treats his service as a time for relaxation, recreation, and a little excitement. This attitude becomes short-lived as the realities of war sink in. When Paul volunteers for reconnaissance one night, he becomes stranded in No Man’s Land (the area between opposing trenches) and begins to realize the brutality of war and starts to lose his own humanity. At the beginning of the book, Paul shows care towards his fellow soldiers and treats his service as an adventure by his education of the recruits and his excitement towards the boundaries of his vocabulary. When Paul becomes stranded in No Man’s Land, he undergoes the transformation from a carefree young adult to an inhumane, lifeless shell of a man. The change begins when Paul hides in a shell-hole, waiting for a pause in the bombardment. A French soldier jumps in as well, looking for shelter. Paul has prepared for this circumstance and stabs him three times. Paul’s strikes are not mortal enough, for the wounds do not immediately kill the Frenchman. The enemy soldier dies over the next day, and while the soldier slides inexorably into the throes of death, PaulShow MoreRelated A Deconstruction of Erich Maria Remarques All Quiet on the Western Front1519 Words   |  7 PagesA Deconstruction of Erich Maria Remarques All Quiet on the Western Front The young soldiers depicted in Erich Maria Remarques text All Quiet on the Western Front represent a generation without precedent, constancy, or forethought. The men, answering their elders calls to become national heroes, have lost their innocence on the battlefield and remain forever altered in belief and spirit. Remarque contrasts the cold realities of war in the present to the tranquility of the past in order toRead MoreThe Horrors of War: Erich Maria Remarques All Quiet On the Western Front2024 Words   |  9 Pagesthroughout history. 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This animal instinctRead More Comparing Irony of War in Dulce et Decorum, Regeneration, and Quiet on the Western Front1165 Words   |  5 PagesIrony of War Exposed in Dulce et Decorum, Regeneration, and Quiet on the Western Front    Many of the young officers who fought in the Great War enlisted in the army with glowing enthusiasm, believing that war was played in fancy uniforms with shiny swords. They considered war as a noble task, an exuberant journey filled with honor and glory. Yet, after a short period on the front, they discovered that they had been disillusioned by the war: fighting earned them nothing but hopelessness, death

Allen Ginsberg was born on June 3, 1927 Essay Example For Students

Allen Ginsberg was born on June 3, 1927 Essay Allen Ginsberg was born on June 3, 1927. While in high school, he discovered and fell in love with the poetry of Walt Whitman. But despite his interest in poetry his father wanted him to become a lawyer. So Ginsberg studied law at Columbia University, where he met many of his life-long friends and influences. His new group of friends didnt really encourage his studies, and eventually he got suspended from Columbia for various small offenses. He hung around people like Jack Kerouac, William Burroughs, Lucien Carr, and Neal Cassady, who later became known as the Beat Authors. Ginsberg was the youngest and most innocent in the circle, but was soon corrupted and became equally obsessed with drugs, crime, sex and literature as the rest of them. During this time, Ginsberg haunted Times Square associating with junkies and thieves and began experimenting with drugs. Ginsberg was openly gay for most of his life, and had many boyfriends, Neal Cassady was one of them. Ginsberg traveled all arou nd the world and stayed in India for a while, where he learned Buddhism, meditation and spiritual chants. He wrote poetry for over three decades, and in doing so, changed the course of American poetry. Ginsberg believed in open, spontaneous poetry, speaking his thoughts and emotions in a raw and uncensored way. This rawness seemed to transcend the censoring imposed on his poetry by his digressors who considered his writing un-publishable. His main influences in writing were Kerouac and William Blake. This particular poem, America, was written in Berkley in 1956. Basically, America has 3 parts to it: Ginsberg questioning America, Ginsberg rambling on, and Ginsberg saying I am America. I will also talk about Ginsbergs life, other authors interpretations of this poem and comments on Ginsberg. Ginsberg starts off America by questioning the country, as if it were an actual person, asking it why it is the way it is. Ginsberg writes, America, when will you be angelic? When will you take of f your cloths? (8-9) The irony here is, of course, that many Americans still believed that they, along with the government, were angelic since they were Gods chosen people. Supposedly, God gave the continent to the original European settlers as a new Eden so that they could start over and build the perfect society. Ginsberg goes on to criticize America for the things he is unhappy with, and the way things were going at the time. He illustrates this by saying, Your machinery is too much for me. You made me want to become a saint. What Ginsberg means here is that all of the technology and machinery that run America today are too much for him, and as a result he wants want to renounce it all and become a saint. After this he rambles on for a while, writing lines that make sense when read separately but make little sense when they are read together. It is spontaneous regurgitated thought. He just kind of throws in lines about anything, whatever he was thinking about at the time. An exam ple of this is in lines 29-31: America I used to be a communist when I was a kid Im not sorry. I smoke marijuana every chance I get. I sit in my house for days on end and stare at the roses in the closet. When I go to Chinatown I get drunk and never get laid. It is fairly obvious that these are just plain thoughts of Ginsbergs, but when you look at them closer you can kind of see how it all fits in, he is still talking to America, about his dislike and disgust in it, even though it is not very clearly presented that way. He also briefly talks about his own life and his family life in this part of the poem. After this he focuses back on America, in a more straight forward way. He says It occurs to me that I am America. I am talking to myself again. Allen Ginsberg speculated on the condition of the United States. Had there actually been a Communist attack on America as people feared due to the red scare, the government would have taken the appropriate steps to prepare for war. Since Ginsberg realized, I am America, he followed that paranoia to its logical conclusion by considering his national resources in preparation. Among his resources were 25,000 mental institutions, city streets populated by millions of homeless people, and countless prisons, all of which contained Americans. Ginsberg also writes Asia is rising against me. I dont have a Chinamans chance (49-50). Though this seems like a silly notion on paper, these sentiments were the all too real results of the red, or Communist scare that occurred during the witch hunts of the McCarthy era. Many people during this era feared a Communist invasion. Some who were accused of supporting the Communist cause, whether they actually did or not, lost their jobs and were blacklisted. Citizens were taught to fear and hate Communists. These attitudes lingered in the American psyche throughout the Cold War (Montana, Jackie). When Ginsberg says, America you dont really want to go to war. America its them bad Russians. them Russians them Russians them Russians and them Chinamen. And them Russians (74-78) Ginsberg is kind of joking around, kind of in a sarcastical way, saying, Oh, its just those Russians fault, when actually its not their fault, but our. We created the problems. Then He throws the comment in about the Chinamen, as a joke. When he says him in this part, it is in reference to America, the country. And when he says her he is referring to Russia. She wants to take our cars out of our garages. Her wants to grab Chicago. Her needs a Red Readers Digest. Her wants to grab Siberia. Also, when he talks about red he is referring to the communists. He then closes saying that this is the impression he gets by looking at his television set (impression of America, as described in the poem). This whole thing is not just something he made up, its what he thinks and feels about the country when he reads about r sees something about it on TV. But it is also about propaganda, and not believing everyth ing read or see on TV In the end he says that he doesnt want to help the country by joining its Army or working in a factory (and that he is nearsighted and psychopathic anyway), he is already working his butt off (or putting his queer shoulder to the wheel, as he puts it). He expresses his disgust in the way he feels about America and his frustrations, about life in general living here. Biographer Paul Christensen describes Allen Ginsberg as :The poet who seems to have awakened Americas youth to the power of poetry, make stirring prophecies and reinvigorate the spheres of politics and ideology. (Asher, Levi) Allen Ginsberg, chanter of the scorchingly present-tense Howl, is one of the true lunar voices rising about the skyscrapers; he has the courage of his imagination, and is keening a mighty song for his generation. Ginsberg is both an exciting and highly readable human poet. His fever is that of thousands; but nobody of his age and time threw the sick-room back at life as he did, and thus redeemed us all as well as himself. Societys fangs await his beautiful phantasmagorical songs, if only to insure their validity; but he who would be an atom-age Shelley must have a price on his head. The stakes demand it. Ginsberg is really a bit of a miracle. (Krim, Seymour) When Ginsbergs poem Howl was published by Lawrence Ferlinghetti of City Lights Bookshop fame, the political establishment immediately branded it obscene. Winning the ensuing court battle to defend freedom of speech was a milestone in breaking the grip of the conformist 50s. The defense presented a united front of artists explaining the role of art and its reflection on life. Thus the gateway was widened for todays avant-garde. (Targowski) During the time Ginsberg wrote these poems he was in a very angry and self-destructive stage. During other times of his life Ginsberg wrote more peaceful and calm poetry, and also some very strange poems. However during this particular time, he seemed to be quite pis sed off and disturbed, so he took it out in his writings, in a very straight-forward and open way. Ginsbergs poetry is classified as Contemporary American Poetry. Ginsberg was one of the most famous beat poets of our time, and continued writing and reading his poetry publicly up until the time of his death. On April 5, 1997 Allen Ginsberg died of a heart attack in his home in Manhattan, NY. He had had been diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C since 1988. Allen Ginsberg was 70 years old. Works Cited Asher, Levi. The Beat Generation, http://www.charm.net/~brooklyn/Topics/BeatGen.html, 1996Charters, Ann ed. Dictionary of Literary Biography, 16, pt 1:A-L. Bruccoli Clark Books, 1983Krim, Seymour ed. The Beats. US : Gold Medal/Fawcett Publications, 1960. .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd , .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd .postImageUrl , .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd , .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd:hover , .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd:visited , .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd:active { border:0!important; } .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd:active , .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5819fa094497a49a7449618a142b70dd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Photosynthesis Essay Magill, N. Frank ed. Critical Survey of Poetry. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Salem Press, 1982Miles, Barry. Ginsberg: A Biography. NY: Simon and Schuster, 1989. Montana, Jackie. Annotated America. http://www.ECNet.Net/users/mujcm3/america.html, 1997Targowski, Henry W. Mark Space Office.http://euro.net/mark-space/bioHenryWTargowski.html, 1995

Oedipus Essays (217 words) - Ancient Greek Theatre, Oedipus The King

Oedipus Oedipus is a very interesting character in Greek mythology. He encounters many episodes on his journey, escaping the dangers of the prophecy he was told. Oedipus the King us the is quite exciting to the readers because of the dramatic irony Sophocles uses throughout the trilogy. Dramatic irony is when the audience is aware of something that is going to happen in the story, and the charatcer really has no idea. Oedipus the King is a Greek tragedy. There are five basic elements of a typical tragedy. They are prologue, parados, episode, stasimon, exodus. The prologue is basically the opening scene, in which the background of the story is formed. This is usually accomplished by a dialogue between two characters, or by a single actor. Parados is the entrance of the chorus(clarifies the feelings and experiences of the character), usually chanting a lyric that relates to the main theme. The counterpart of the modern scene, where the plot is developed through action or dialogue is called the episode. Stasimon is basically the choral ode. Finally, the exodus is the conclusion or final action, usually ended by a "ceremonial exit" of all the characters in the tragedy. These are the five basic elements that make up a Greek tragedy. To get a better understanding of Oedipus the King, you can go to the link below, and get an overview of the tragedy.

War on Poverty Poverty Problem in US

War on Poverty Poverty Problem in US More than three decades ago, it was discovered that a big percentage of people in the United States were living in abject poverty. This discovery prompted policy makers and other Americans to come up with federal programs and other initiatives from the private sectors to try to deal with the problem.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on War on Poverty: Poverty Problem in US specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many leaders who have taken over the mantle of leadership in the United States have not been committed towards eradicating poverty in the United States. However, President Lyndon Johnson addressed the Nation in 1964 and said that there was the need of an unconditional War on Poverty. In a bid to deal with this problem of poverty, a number of initiatives were started. The first initiative that was taken to fight poverty is referred to as in This Affluent Society. In this initiative, President Lyndon decided to treat poverty as one of the problems that he was supposed to focus much on. In the State of the Union address which was delivered in 1964, he pronounced unconditional war on poverty. After this declaration, he launched many initiatives intended at eradicating poverty forever. The strategies that were going to be used were not welfare or creating job opportunities but by rather increasing the opportunities for the poor people by providing them with sound education and training. This declaration was timely since it was during a period that the government was experiencing an admirable prosperity. The economic and industrial well being that followed the First World War had made America one of the wealthiest nations in the world but not every American was enjoying the benefits of this economic well being. This initiative was effective in the fight against poverty because it left the poor empowered. By educating them and training them, they could secure good jobs that guaranteed them good pay. Without education and training, this was not possible and people were bound to remain in poverty. The other initiative that was taken on the fight against poverty is the initiative dubbed My Brother’s Keeper. Most of the Americans who have been members of the American Welfare System that was established in 1968 by President Roosevelt in his endeavors of eliminating poverty have never benefited from the program. A large number of Americans remained living below the poverty line. War on poverty has been focusing on education and training but there has been a crisis on welfare which has clearly showed that Americans were not satisfied with the system.Advertising Looking for assessment on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In response to the above mentioned crisis, The National Welfare rights Organization was formed to reduce the impact of the crisis. This is an effective initiative in the war again st poverty because the crisis emanates from the fact that there is still a debate on the population living in poverty. When the welfare of the poor is looked at with great concern, then it would be possible to address the problem of poverty without bias. Apart from the two initiatives discussed above, another important initiative that can be used in the war against poverty is to engage the poor in programs of fighting poverty. Community participation in anti-poverty programs is crucial in fighting poverty as it gives the community members a chance to embrace the programs and learn more. The programs equip the community members and enhance self reliance. A combination of these initiatives will result into remarkable decrease in poverty levels among American poor population.

Interview Project Proposal Essay Example

Interview Project Proposal Essay Example Interview Project Proposal Essay Interview Project Proposal Essay Class: CJ100: Eight Skills of the Effective CJ Student Unit: 4 Souces:http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Security_guard Souces: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Police_officer | Interview Project Proposal| | Police officer| Interview Project Proposal Police officer 1 Name: Vince Ventrone Job: police officer at the Jacksonville sheriff office (for 20years) 2 Name: Steven Mungan Job: swc officer (also a police officer) The reason I choose these people is it has the only people that come close to what I going to do. It was the only people I could find. I called the police stations and no one would call me back. Everyone I talk to said there not allowed to talking about their jobs because they were scared to lose jobs. Due to all the budgets cuts. In Jacksonville Florida they are laying off like crazy. There are no jobs. I had a really hard time finding anyone. Lucky we have a security guard that works in are commit. The second one is him he was really nice and he is going to let me interview him. The first choice is someone my grandpa knows and he is a police officer. I will not be allowed to ask anything about the job layoffs or budgets cuts. But I can ask him about his personal relation to his job. security guard: is a person who is paid to protect property, assets, or people. Security guards are usually privately and formally employed personnel. Often, security officers are uniformed and act to protect property by maintaining a high visibility presence to deter illegal and inappropriate actions, observing (either directly, through patrols, or by watching alarm systems or video cameras) for signs of crime, fire or disorder; then taking action and reporting any incidents to their client and emergency services as appropriate. Police officer: Responsibilities of a police officer are varied, and may differ greatly from within one political context to another. Typical duties relate to keeping the peace, law enforcement, protection of persons and property, and the investigation of crimes. Officers are expected to respond to a variety of situations that may arise while they are on duty. Rules and guidelines dictate how an officer should behave within the community, and in many contexts restrictions are placed on what the uniformed officer wears. In some countries, rules and procedures dictate that a police officer is obliged to intervene in a criminal incident, even if they are off-duty. Questions I am going to ask. 1What were the Reasons for Choosing the Career? 2How many years have you been in the criminal justice field? 3What kind of Education and Training have you had? If any what Licensing and Certification do you have? 4What do you think is the best way to handling crime in our area? 5Have you ever been in a very life threading situation? Explain. 6what is the worst thing you have ever been through as an officer? 7Any memorable experiences you have had as a police officer? 8 Do they plan on being a Police officer the rest of your life? 9 What do you think of the stereotypes in regards to Police officers? 10 In your eyes what is wrong with the criminal justice system today? 11 how do you think we could fix it? 12 What would you have done if you hadnt of became a police officer? 13 What is a typical day like a police officer? 4 do your line of work cause tension in your home life? If so Explain 15 What do you like most and least about your job? 16 How often, if at all, are you required to attend training session? 17 How dangerous is your work? 18 What is the most recent skill you have learned that related to your job? 19 What are top 3 skills for Police officer? 20 Tell me about your last position and what you did? 21 what would you tell your kids if they want to be a police officer like you what would you tell them? Wh y? 2 Where would you like to be in 3 years? 5 years? 23 How to does your position task/function? 24 what motivated you to do your best as a police officer? 25 what is your greatest weakness? 26 do you consider yourself successful? Why? 27 if you had enough money to retire right now would you? Why? 28 what is more important to you money or helping people? Why? 29 have you learned from mistakes on the job? Details 30 do you prefer to work independently or on a team? Why? 31 how would you describe your work style?

GALLERY REPORT Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

GALLERY REPORT - Research Paper Example A tapestry uses essential filaments intertwined into braids (Dissanayake 128). The intensity of the hues utilized portrays the intensity of the conquests of King Alfonso of Portugal. Though it was woven five centuries earlier by Flemish weavers, the distinctness represented by the value of the hues are still apparent in the featured soldiers’ details. Secondly, the Sculpture Garden showcases quite an ambience with its impressive design and horticulture splendor. The harmony of the lines in its physical structure complement the natural variety of the plants. It’s open lawns, central pool with a spouting fountain, and highlighted sculptures makes it ideal for families to enjoy visual elements of design. With the interaction of different media in an open-air atmosphere, unity is enigmatically observed. Clearly, this is an example of good art since it is unforgettable, grows in stature, and continually matures (Hoving 12). Regarding sculptures, Claude Michel’s Poetry and Music marble sculpture captures balance and content depicted by a cupid riveted by his book and another cherub enraptured by his lute’s music. Harmony between lyrics and melody is shaped in a light-hearted and delicate technique(The Collection). Generally, this tourist spot is where people of all walks of life can appreciate art in its varied impressions like love, numbers, language, and enlightenment (Raczka,

The roles of learning and motivation in total quality management Essay

The roles of learning and motivation in total quality management - Essay Example widely acknowledged and practiced by successful organizations and firms on a world wide basis; the philosophy originates with the concept of continuous improvement but expands to a wide array of different processes to ensure that quality is the utmost objective of all organizational operations (Terziovski et al., 2000). In addition to that TQM highlights the critical issue of customer satisfaction as a benchmark for measuring, assessing, evaluating and achieving eventually high quality standards in the provision of both services and products. While Total Quality Management is considered a systematic approach to quality, the majority of researchers argue that it is more of a philosophical perspective and view of the organization rather than a practical implementation of systems and tools. According to Coyle-Shapiro (1999) the objective of TQM is to transform an organizational culture towards a culture of quality. Ambroz (2004) posits that the culture is the dominant issue in TQM and most importantly the culture becomes a key ‘ingredient’ for achieving successful TQM. Within the framework of culture two critical issues emerge; the learning orientation of the organization and the employees’ motivation and participation towards managing and continuously improving quality (Dimitriades, 2000; Wilkinson et al., 2003; Yeh, 2003). This paper discusses the role of the learning orientation and the motivation of employees towards this respect. Total Quality Management is the philosophy which places quality at the very top of every organizational operation or process. Adopting a TQM approach to managing quality fairly implies that the organization is transformed to a quality oriented organization; this further implies that the culture of organization is transformed towards a more quality-drive and quality-focus culture. This transformation is not only theoretical but it becomes practical too, when processes and procedures are redesigned or re-configured in order to

A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens Essay Example for Free

A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens Essay Injustice is probably one of the oldest forms of hate known to man. Injustice can be found anywhere and in all forms of life. One of the most well known forms of injustice is slavery. Men and women of all ages and races suffer under slavery still to this day. Romania, for example, has been home to the unfortunate youth who are sold as prostitutes by their own parents! We all know that this is wrong, but society has driven us to not considering this as slavery, just cruelty. Obviously slavery is unjust, but some people to this date still do not know this because of the way they were brought up. However, what was once justified can, upon closer examination, be considered unjust. This was also the case during the revolution in France that began in 1789. Charles Dickens in A Tale of Two Cities described the many injustices that resulted from oppression in France. Injustice during the French Revolution affected everyone touched by it because the revolution claimed many victims on all sides. French peasants suffered, the aristocrats suffered, and innocent people suffered when the Revolution claims its victims. The unjust French government oppressed the poor peasants until they revolted in a bloody uprising. Everyone has a breaking point, and once it was reached, it was very hard to go back to a calm state. It was already bad that Marie Antoinette was using the tax money from the poor peasants to pay for her unnecessary dinner parties. Once Antoinette raised the taxes for that same purpose, it became unjust. This resulted in the beheading of Marie Antoinette. The wine was red wine, and had stained the ground of the narrow street in the suburb of Saint Antoine, in Paris, where it was spilled. It had stained many hands, too, and many faces, and many naked feet, and many wooden shoes. The hands of the man who sawed the wood, left red marks on the billets; and the forehead of the woman who nursed her baby, was stained with the stain of the old rag she wound about her head again. Those who had been greedy with the staves of the cask, had acquired a tigerish smear about the mouth; and one tall joker so besmirched, his head more out of a long squalid bag of a night-cap than in it, scrawled upon a wall with his finger dipped in muddy wine-leesblood (Dickens 37). The wine, which symbolizes blood, was smeared everywhere. This showed how desperate the French were to find some nourishment, even if it meant slurping wine off the city streets. It was amazing how a calm day in France changed into first come first serve madness. Also, the raiding of the Bastille showed how little the peasants could tolerate before retaliating. In this massacre, the peasants overpowered the guards to set the famous landmark on fire. Next, the aristocrats suffer from the united peasants uncontrollable anger and violence. One may wonder how the aristocrats and the peasants suffered at the same time? Before the Revolution, the aristocrats had all the money and happiness, but as the Revolution progressed, this happiness gradually converted into fear. Once the peasants realized that they made up the majority, they took advantage of this. The peasants anger drove them to imprisoning and killing every rich person in sight. Innocent people were killed just because they were rich. Aristocrats had no chance of survival because they were hated most. Anyone who worked for the government or even believed in what it stood for lived in a life of fear. The Marquis from A Tale of Two cities was too ignorant to realize that his comments bothered the people. This angered the peasants along with how wealthy he was. But one didnt have to be the Marquis to be punished. Any wealthy man returning to France could be considered an emigrant. For instance, Darnay, a wealthy man, was accused of being an emigrant, so he was immediately sent to prison. As you can see, even the wealthy had no protection under the crumbled government. Lastly, innocent people suffer as the Revolution burned out of control. Innocent people, which included relatives of those directly affected, suffer just because of the overgrown madness. A good example of this would be Lucie and her daughter Little Lucie. Madam Defarge (who was probably the biggest reactionary in the whole book) wanted the whole Manette family to suffer just because Darnay (the nephew of the Marquis) married into the family. Luckily, Little Lucie was not hurt, thanks to Mrs. Pross who put her own life on the line just to save the Manette family. Mrs. Pross, who lived a simple, quiet life, suffered partial deafness from the sound of a single gunshot. Many relatives of the aristocrats received death by the guillotine just because of their family ties and heritage. This was not right, but the people were blinded by their madness to even think about who they were killing and punishing. As illustrated, injustice during the French Revolution affected everyone touched by it because the Revolution claimed so many victims on all sides. Thousands of irreplaceable lives were taken during the time of the Revolution. There were no winners in the outcome of the revolution. These few years were some of the worst France had ever seen. The grindstone had a double handle, and turning at it madly were two men, whose faces, as their long hair flapped back when the whirlings of the grindstone brought their faces up, were more horrible and cruel than the visages of the wildest savages in their most barbarous disguises (Dickens 260). Is it ok to do unjust things in the name of justice? Will there ever be an end to injustice in the world we live in? At the rate were going, we may never reach the desired utopia that we dream of.

Hamlet The Central Dilemma :: essays research papers

HAMLET ESSAY â€Å"The central dilemma in Hamlet is the character and life’s journey of a man whose mind is in paralysis. To what extent is this an adequate summary of Hamlet?'; Hamlet certainly is a play with complex themes and issues. As we read through the rich script we uncover many dilemmas and issues that have great bearing on the direction of the play, and the consequences of the character’s actions. One such character is, of course, Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. It is around this man that the play revolves, and his thoughts and actions are closely followed and developed as the play progresses. It has been said that the central dilemma of the play is that Hamlet’s mind is in paralysis, meaning simply that he is incapable of action, his mind incapable of derivative thought. While this is extremely important for the play, the reason that this occurs can clearly be seen as a more important part of the play. All the other themes contribute to the task of making Hamlet appear paralysed in thought and action. He is not however a man without motive for his apparent indecision, and eventual action. However what does appear to be the central theme in Hamlet is the revenge tragedy dilemma. This central issue is the seed that has spawned the generation of the other themes of the play. Hamlet’s father has been murdered in cold blood by the scheming and adulterous Claudius by pouring poison into King Hamlet’s ear while he slept, in order to succeed him to the throne. A ghost in the form of Hamlet’s father appears to Hamlet, revealing to him that the King of Denmark is corrupt and a murderer, and that he must revenge his death. However the ghost was very specific in saying that he must revenge his death without implicating his mother, or corrupting himself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Taint not thy mind, nor let thy soul contrive   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Against thy mother aught. Leave her to heaven';   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -Act I Scene 5. The circumstances surrounding the death of his father, and his discovery of the fact through meeting with the ghost, are the reasons for his apparent paralysis of the mind. Hamlet has many issues to face here, the first being the question of ethics – revenge and honour versus moral purity. In his soliloquy in Act 2 Scene 2, he questions himself, and asks himself why he fails to act, and asks how a player can fight with such conviction a cause that is not his own, when he, with a cause so worthy of action, does nothing.

Argumentative Paper †Abortion Essay

Abortion is a huge problem throughout the United States. It needs to be stopped. Abortion can be defined as the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy. Abortion is not justified for three reasons. One, having an abortion is taking away an innocent life. Two, there are not many reasons that make it okay to kill an unborn baby. Three, every child needs to be given a chance to live, because every child is wanted. To begin with, having an abortion is taking away an innocent life. It’s not the baby’s fault that it was brought into the world, and it should not be punished for that. Every month, more lives are aborted than the total amount of lives taken in the Vietnam War. Statistics show that 1,500,000 to 2,000,000 babies are aborted annually. The bible tells us that God hates hands that shed innocent blood. God views the unborn as human and precious. He says, in Jeremiah 1:5 of the bible,† Before I formed thee in the belly I knew thee, and before thou camest forth out of the womb I sanctified thee, and I ordained thee a prophet unto the nations.† (Wilson) Next, there are not many reasons that make it okay to abort a child. People may give the following reasons that they think make it ok to have an abortion: rape, deformed children, or that the mother can’t afford a child. In the case of rape, abortion is an act of violence that kills a living human being. The circumstances surrounding the conception do not change this simple reality. In the case of deformed children, there are children of all ages, and adults too, who are alive today, and are living with diseases and disabilities. These physical limitations do not make them any less human. If the mother can’t afford the child, there is a solution. There are many crisis pregnancy care centers that offer financial assistance to pregnant women, and then afterwards they will place them up for adoption if necessary. (â€Å"Poverty, rape, disability†) Finally, every child needs to be given a chance to live his/her life, because every child is a wanted child. Whether the parent wants the child, there are still many people in the world who would love to adopt a child. The National Council for Adoption states that there are â€Å"between one and two million infertile and fertile couples and individuals who would like to adopt children.† There are also a large number of couples whose hearts are ready to adopt terminally ill babies, including babies with AIDS. Adoption is a responsible, helpful solution to abortion. Although the mother still has to carry the baby for the duration of her pregnancy, she is also able to give the baby a chance to live his/her life. No child should be given up because every child is a wanted child. (Gans) In conclusion, adoption is a huge problem in the United States. It is not justified for many reasons. Having an abortion is taking away an innocent life. There are not many reasons that make it okay to have an abortion. Every child in this world is a wanted child. Whether the parent of the child wants the child there is another option other than abortion. Adoption is a great option that saves a child’s life. Works Cited Wilson, Gregg. â€Å"ABORTION AMERICA’S #1 KILLER.† http://www.jesus-is-savior.com/Evils%20in%20America/Abortion%20is%20Murder/abortion_americas_killer.html. Web. 19. Nov.2012. â€Å"Poverty, rape, disability or â€Å"unwantedness† do not morally justify abortion.† http://www.abort73.com/abortion/common_objections/. 2005-2012.Web. 19. Nov. 2012. Gans, Olivia. â€Å"Every child a wanted child and other social arguments.† http://www.nrlc.org/abortion/facts/responseargument3.html.1998. Web.19.Nov.2012.

Bio 105 Final Study Guide

Bio Biology 105 Final Study Guide QUIZ 1: SCIENCE 1. What is science? a. A way of knowing about the natural world using a process designed to reduce the chance of being misled 2. List the 8 steps for the process of science: b. Observation: c. Question: d. Literature review: e. Multiple hypotheses: f. Deductions: g. Tests: h. Tentative conclusions: i. Peer review: 3. 3 rules of science: j. maximize sample size k. representative sample l. controlled studies QUIZ 2: SOCIAL TRAPS 4. LL 5. LL 6. LL 7. LL 8. LL 9. LL QUIZ 3: PLATE TECHTONICS 10. Theory of plate tectonics: m. explains earths topography and more 1. What is the underlying mechanism for plate techtonics? n. Convection cells in mantle 12. 5 Plate Boundaries: o. Divergent: rifts, ridges, new oceanic crust p. Ocean-Continent: volcanic mountain chains, trenches q. Ocean-Ocean: volcanic island arcs, trenches r. Continent-Continent: upfolded mountains s. Transform: strike-slip faults 13. What is a hotspot? t. Where a plume of magma comes up and breaks the surface, spewing out lava u. Example: Hawaiian islands 14. Explosive vs. blooping volcanoes: v. Explosive: w. Blooping: 15. how do oceans and continents form? x. Oceans: y. Continents: 16.Where do most earthquakes and volcanoes occur? z. G QUIZ 4: CLIMATE 17. The two main components that affect climate {. Temperature & precipitation 18. Rising air vs. Descending air: |. Rising air: cools, holds less water vapor, relative humidity increases, rain increase }. Descending air: heats, holds more water vapor, relative humidity decreases, less rain 19. What is the dew point? ~. The temperature at which relative humidity (water vapor increase) becomes 100% 20. What are 3 causes of precipitation? . Convection – when air is heated and rises . Orographic – when air rises as it is blown up the side of a mountain .Frontal – when air rises as it is pushed up the leading edge of a cold front 21. What 3 major factors affect temperature? . Elevation, lat itude, and green house gas concentration in atmosphere 22. What causes the seasons? . 23. 5 degree tilt and the revolution around sun, the angles it hits earth 23. What causes is to be cooler in the SW in winter and warmer in summer? . We are tilted more perpendicular to the sun in the summer 24. List the 4 major causes of deserts: . descending air in Hadley cells . rainshadow effect . cold ocean offshore . being far away from a water source 25.Name and define the levels of organization of the living world from organism through biome: . Organism (individual living things) . Population (group of individuals of the same species occupying a given area at the same time) . Community (all populations occupying a given place) . Ecosystem (community plus the physical environment in a given place and their interactions) . Biome (major type of ecosystem) 26. Name and define the five parts of ecosystem structure . Energy Source (usually sunlight) . Physical Environment (non-living materials) . Producers (organisms that make their own food) Consumers (organisms that eat other living things) . Decomposers (organisms that eat waste matter and dead organisms) 27. What are the advantages and disadvantages of internalizing external costs? . Advantages: redirect economic growth in ways that consider long-term, societal impacts; paying real price lets market regulate. . Disadvantages: difficult to determine external costs; higher prices will allow competitors that don't internalize external costs to outcompete 28. Differentiate between product and service economy . Product economy focuses on putting out a product that is consumed. A service economy focuses on the service required by the consumer rather than the product (e. g. , leasing rather than selling). 29. Soil profile * surface litter: fresh and partly decomposed organic matter. * topsoil: where most living things and nutrients are. * zone of leaching: where dissolved materials from above move down. * subsoil: accumulated materials from above. * parent material: partially broken down rock, source of minerals and inorganic material in soil. i. bedrock: underlying, unweathered rock. 30. Why are tropical soils not productive for growing crops/cattle in the long run? When vegetation is removed, the thin topsoil decomposes, leaches, and erodes quickly, leaving the hard, red, iron-rich soil that is unproductive (and this only takes a few years) 31. DEFINE: 0 unsaturated zone: upper soil layer that holds both air and water 1 saturation zone: usually lower soil layer where all available pores between soil particles are filled with water 2 water table: the top of the zone of saturation 3 aquifer: groundwater that is economically retrievable 4 recharge area: where water is added to an aquifer 5 discharge area: where water is removed from an aquifer (e. g. , wells, springs, rivers, etc. 6 ground water mining: removing water from an aquifer faster than it is replenished (discharge rate greater than recharge rate ). watershed: the land area around a body of water over which water could flow and potentially enter that body of water. 32. Problems with overpumping ground water: . higher costs associated with digging deeper wells and pumping farther up . lower water quality . loss of habitat . subsidence: as water is removed from ground, the soil compacts and the surface sinks which leads to permeneant loss of water holding capacity for aquifer . saltwater intrusion 33. 34. 35.

Lab 3 essays

Lab 3 essays 1. Of the tools described, I feel that the Executive Support System (ESS) is the best tool for managers today. Not only does it have speech recognition which simplifies typing commands, but it also has expert systems which are self-learning and help aid in decision making. Also packaged in ESS is executive support software, which helps customize databases to fit executives specific needs. 2. The six characteristics of useful information are as follows: significance, reliability, consistency, timeliness, comprehensibility and action-oriented impact. 3. Calendar management software virtually eliminates the multiple phone calls required to schedule meetings; instead, meetings for ten individuals can be scheduled as quickly as a meeting for two people. The best advantage of this software is that anyone can be authorized to view the managers calendar, always seeing the same version. The least liked feature of this software is that some calendar systems dont provide full support for scheduling, which means it might not be used. 4. PDAs are much better than paper and pencil because they come with a vast amount of features that help make working easier. They include calendars, address books, to-do lists, electronic notebooks and more. The major advantage is information can be located easily by keying in a word and allowing the computer to locate it. When you think about it, there really isnt any disadvantages when it comes to PDAs because they can do just about anything you need them to do. 5. I strongly agree that video will be an integral part of the business day in the future. It will allow a business to hold meetings over television where everyone can see everyone even if they are in different states or countries. It will cut down on business travel dramatically, allowing managers to stay closer to their company to make sure business runs smoothly. 6. When it comes to teleconferencing, I feel ...

A Critical Review of Young Goodman Brown

A Critical Review of Young Goodman Brown The short story, "Young Goodman Brown", is about a man, his faith, his wife, and his community. Although he and his wife share a strong belief in spiritual things, Goodman makes a spiritual decision in which the effects on his life are overwhelming. Goodman's choice causes him to take a turn for the worse and he eventually dies a miserable person. The central character in this story is undoubtedly Goodman Brown. The idea of taking this journeyThe story deals primarily with his character and person. Yes, there are others in the story. However, the main ideas and actions surround the life of Goodman Brown. Although, he may have not held a high position in society, early in the story, Hawthorne describes Brown as a man of substance. Webster describes the word substance as "that which is solid or real". Truly Goodman possessed a spiritual experience that was real by being married to Faith. Hawthorne names Goodman's wife Faith. Although Hawthorne is playing on words, Faith represents all that is good and stable in Goodman's life. And before he takes his journey, he claims he will " cling to her skirts and follow her to heaven". His statement leads us to believe that Goodman Brown was exactly thata good man. The background of this story is during a time of extremes. Whatever the people believed, they worship with all of their heart. Bert A. Mikosh, from the University of Texas, says that Brown is a part of the generation that followed the Salem Witch Trialsa time in which many were accused and suspected of devil-worship. Through a series of events, Goodman changes from the good man that he is earlier described to a wretched, miserable person. He takes a journey into the woods. Although he dreads leaving Faith alone, he feels he must make the trip. While on this journey, he meets someone who appears to be evil. Many have speculated that Goodman actually met Satan him...

Comparison of the movie Milk and Moral Christian Values in the Essay

Comparison of the movie Milk and Moral Christian Values in the Marketplace - Essay Example This activism lures him to seek public office as he believes that he can make a more effective difference for the gay community as a political figure. Harvey suffers through the high and lows of running for office before he finally becomes the first known homosexual in the US to take a political office. His political office is an uphill battle in there is constant tensions between Harvey and his supervisor Dan White a fiercely conservative politician. The film Milk therefore invokes Kavanaugh’s (1991) new conservatism. This new conservatism is two-tiered in that it has what is characterized as having â€Å"two complementary but dangerous tendencies† (Kavanaugh 1991, xiii). On the one hand, the new conservatism embraces the tendency to distinguish faith from notions of justice which is essentially being active in â€Å"love and service† (Kavanaugh 1991, xiii). On the other hand the new conservatism has a â€Å"tendency to equate faith with a particular form of social, political, or national power† (Kavanaugh 1991, xiii). Harvey, the activist who seeks a form of justice for the homosexual community and is openly gay can be said to represent the second form of the new conservatism in that his conduct forces the distinction between faith and notions of justice by becoming active in both love and service. We see Harvey challenge traditional conventions and insert himself in the midst of it by not only advocating change, but changing it by becoming the first openly gay US politician in public office. By taking this approach, Harvey becomes active in both love and service. However, it is not Harvey is makes this distinction. It is White who by his attitude makes this distinction and it is Harvey that forces this distinction. Harvey essentially represents the second tendency attributed to the new conservatism in that for him faith is indistinguishable from traditional concepts of

Finacial crisis and shipping and ship repair Yards business Essay

Finacial crisis and shipping and ship repair Yards business - Essay Example The Shipping industry is experiencing myriad problems and these problems have been created by the financial crisis, the financial crisis forced the banks to cut back on lending and the consumer spending contracted in many places. The same has made it very difficult to move goods from one place to another and there are very few goods these days that are being moved when compared to the time before the financial crisis. The shipments of various buyers are stuck at the dock and as a result of which the material is deteriorating with each passing day. The letter of credit is very important when it comes to moving goods from one place to another. It is a must for the shipper to know when he will be paid for the goods that he loads in the shipment, which will be received by the buyer, but there is a lot of uncertainty that is affecting the shipping industry. Almost all the industries have been affected by the financial crisis and the case with the shipping industry is no different. A typical discussion put forward by shippers is that unpredictable fluctuations in the shipping industry are expected, because booms are normally followed by recessions. However, the current gloomy financial circumstance the world is confronted with is the most difficult so far, and it hit the industry severely. Demand factors, such as prices of other goods, production costs, demand for other goods, the availability, and the big change in the cost of financing have played a very important role in the current downturn in demand for shipping, and freight services, including the decline for ship-yards new builds and repairs orders. Some shipping companies have luck on their side. When the large Asian shipyards got overrun with orders in recently, and delivery times grew to up to four years, many small shipyards, especially in China, were simply created out of thin air. In many cases, contracts to build new ships were signed with these so-called Greenfield shipyards, which existed only on the drawing board. These shipyards no longer exist today, nor will the ships. Most of the existing Greenfield shipyards are likely to disappear quickly. This might benefit the big and financially strong Ship Yards, which might reflect in increasing seeds order to their facilities in the mid to long term. On the other hand, supply factors are determined by the demand and freight services for shipping, along with the interest rates at the time. Suppliers went on seeking more and more excess capacity by ordering containers and new ships to meet the increasing demand. However the demand direction did not continue as was expected. The financial crisis has effected hard not only these shipping and ships building and ship repair sector, but also other related services as well. Shippers in North America, Europe and Asia have been hurt most by the crisis. For instance, the contracted tonnage of containerizes cargo has went down by several millions of cubic feet. The annual reduction has been one of the most painful that business has seen. According to industry advisors and evaluators there would be a further reduction in demand for containerized cargo shipping will follow. The existing

Research In Motion Analysis Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

In Motion Analysis - Research Paper Example Security officials say the inability to monitor BlackBerry traffic undermines efforts to protect national security. RIM has so far said it cannot unscramble data of its enterprise customers because it does not possess the keys needed to do so. After several meetings, RIM proposed it could share the IP address of BlackBerry Enterprise Servers, and the PIN and IMEI numbers of BlackBerry mobiles. India says that is not enough because it doesn't provide access to mails (FACTBOX - Problems BlackBerry services face in India, 2010) The proposed solutions by RIM for solving the security related problems while using blackberry phones in India has not been solved fully yet. RIM is trying to convince the Indian authorities with the help of some simple modifications in its existing technologies rather than going for a complete change. Indian authorities on the other hand are not ready to accept RIM’s offers. It should be noted that other mobile phone companies are ready to obey whatever t he security measures suggested by the Indian authorities and therefore India do not want to accept the offers of RIM. RIM should realize that the necessity to market blackberry pones in India is theirs rather than India’s. No country will sacrifice their security measures for introducing a foreign mobile phone in its territory. â€Å"Research In Motion (RIM) founder Mike Lazaridis ordered a BBC reporter to end an interview after he was asked about his problems with India and Middle Eastern countries over security issues† (BlackBerry chief ends BBC interview after India query, 2011). It is evident from the above example that RIM is not ready to accept its mistakes and dealing the issues emotionally rather than... Even though the growth opportunities for Rim are not so good at present, it can still regain its supremacy if concentrate more on changing some of its traditional business concepts. As mentioned earlier, RIM should be ready to modify its technologies to suit the needs of Asian markets, instead of keeping an adamant attitude with respect to technology changes. It should be noted that mobile phone market is facing stiff challenges at present because of the ongoing recession. Asia is the only region which escaped with fewer injuries in this recession period. So, RIM should shift attention more towards Asian market. Google and Apple are some of the companies which are raising stiff challenges to RIM. Apple is currently the second biggest and most valuable technology company in the world and therefore their products are always accepted with both hands by the customers. The case of Google is also not an exception. â€Å"Cheaper Google phones are making inroads in Latin America, Asia and E urope, threatening the popularity of Black-Berry models such as the Curve†. In short, RIM needs a revolutionary product now to compete effectively with the products of competitors. It should be noted that Apple grabbed the smartphone market because of their innovative iPhone series products. iPhone 5 is about to enter the global markets. Same way, Samsung is going to introduce the 3d version of its revolutionary Galaxy S2 product series.

Listening Distractions Essay Example for Free

Listening Distractions Essay Distractions are the divided attention of an individual or group from the chosen object of attention, onto the source of distraction. Distractions are caused by: the lack of ability to pay attention; lack of interest in the object of attention; or the great intensity, novelty or alertness of something other than the object of attention. Distractions come from both external sources and internal sources. â€Å"Art of Public Speaking† by Stephen E Lucas In this assignment I will focus on five listening distractions and effective ways to combat them. In order to become an effective speaker, it should be known that success comes from being an effective listener. By understanding barriers to listening the speaker can eliminate or reduce distraction prior to delivery of the speech. Some distractors are listed below. 1.Noise: Intrapersonal, Semantic and Situational a.Intrapersonal; this comes from a listener’s internal dialog, daydreaming, or focusing on their internal thoughts â€Å"day dreaming†. By listening to their internal speech, the listener will lose concentration on the speaker and miss points and topics of the speech. b.Semantic; these are words or phrases used by the speaker that my trigger a process of thought out of line with what the speaker intended. These â€Å"trigger† words are based on several different aspects of the audience’s make-up, from gender to ethnical or country of origin and religion. c.Situational; this is the physical noise distraction that may come from the design of the lecture hall, an open door or window that allows outside noise to enter, or the rustling noises associated with the audience, i.e. cell phones, coughing, side bar conversation. 2.Speaker Perception a.This is the perception the audience makes in reference to the speaker, how the speaker presents themselves, does the speaker use filler words such as, â€Å"umh† or â€Å"you know†. Does the speaker utilize a slow methodical pattern which bores the audience, calling into question the speaker’s intellect? 3.Self-Perceptions and Personal Biases a.Comprises anything that is a barrier to understanding the speaker’s message an includes egocentrism, Ethnocentrism, and dogmatism I. Egocentrism focuses on the self-centeredness and may limit the listener because of the feeling â€Å"this doesn’t pertain to me†, â€Å"I’ve already heard this message†, or â€Å" I am too important to be listening to someone like that† II.Ethnocentrism is based on the perception of because we don’t share a creed, color, or back ground, the speaker cannot understand the message from â€Å"my† point of view. Likewise the speaker focuses, or centers their speech in a manner that is ethnically limiting. III.Dogmatism the problem of holding opinions without questioning the validity or ethical value. Unquestioned opinions can lead to defensiveness or the attitude of, â€Å"I know it all† This behavior can cause the listener to take offense to the message the speaker is conveying. 4.Physical discomfort caused by poor seating, temperature, or length of the speech without break for restroom or smoke breaks. 5.Lack of interest the speaker has lost focus, changed topic without smooth transition, and maintains a monotone which in-turn shifts the listener’s attention. May also be due to the speaker’s lack of interest in the topic resulting in poor public speaking techniques. The key to contending with these distractions are to practice the speech, become comfortable with the topic, know how long the speech will last, film the practice session and identify personal traits that may cause distraction. Have someone listen to the speech to identify patterns or behaviors that may be offensive or controversial. Understand the message, what is the purpose of the speech; focus on the transition of thoughts and ideas to ensure a smooth process. Avoid monotone voice patterns unless it is an essential part of the delivery. Have fun with the topic, the speech and the audience. Before speaking conduct a walkthrough of the lecture hall, identify distractors and eliminate them or strategize how to overcome them. Bottom line, be prepared.

Justification Of Violence Essay -- essays research papers

Justification of Violence Violence and the justification of it has been an issue for as long as the world has been in existence. There are many conflicting opinions on the subject, many in favor and many opposing the idea. I am personally split on the issue; I believe that in some cases, violence can be justified; however, I also believe that in others, it cannot be. In my opinion, the only instance in which violence can be justified is self-defense. I believe that if an innocent person is attacked for some reason and their life is put in danger, they have the right to fight back to save themselves. How can a person let themselves be attacked and do nothing to help themselves survive? It's almost unreasonable to believe that. There are plenty of situations that fit this example. One of them is rape. If a woman is being attacked and sexually forced to do something she did not consent on doing, she has the right to fight back and prevent it from happening. Rape does not only involve sexual assault; there is much physical assault involved, also. Many women are held at gunpoint, knife, tied or beaten by their attackers, and this is not right. Any woman under these circumstances should fight back and do what they have to do to save themselves before it's too late. Other situations which call for justifiable violence, in my opinion, are robbery at gunpoint and any other type of unprovoked violence. Other than self-defense, I do not believe violence should be tolerated at any cos...

Lies My Teachers Told Me Essay

As I watched the video and read parts of the books, I began to wonder why they would lie. Throughout school, they teach us to be honest and truthful in everything we say and do. So therefore why would they lie to us? According to James W. Loewen, â€Å"Taking ideas seriously does not fit with the rhetorical style of textbooks, which presents events so as to make them seem foreordained along a line of constant progress†. He goes on to say that including ideas would make history contingent. It would present uncertainty. That would not be consider a textbook learning style. Textbooks unfold history as melodrama, instead of with drama or suspense. An example would be John Brown. The treatment of Brown, like the treatment of Slavery and Reconstructino, has changed in American history books. John Brown was considered insane from 1890 until 1970, then slowly began to change back over into sane. Some textbooks emphasize the claim that no slaves actually joined John Brown. At times, I think it would just be easier to go back in time like in the movie Bill and Ted’s Excellent Adventure. Not only would we get the truth, but we would have seen bits and pieces of it. I think more and more students would enjoy history more if we actually got the truth rather than lies. I think that if we had the suspense and drama, we would learn more. To me in high school, history was a mixture of english and math. All of the boring parts of those two classes combined into one. The teacher was not much better either. I think if the teacher made it more exciting.

A report on Activity Based Costing Approach

a ) Activity-based costing ( ABC ) is a bing attack that assigns activity costs to be objects on the footing on cost driver use. Costss are assigned to each major activity instead than sections and step the resources consumed by cost objects more accurately. B ) Absorption bing absorbed all operating expenses into the cost of production. WWonka plc ‘s budged and selling distribution cost and entire list monetary value is ?990,000 and ?9,000,000 severally. Therefore, the soaking up rate is 11 % ( ?990,000/?9,000,000 ) . Planing an activity-based costing system involves four stairss: ( 1 ) placing the major activities and resource costs, ( 2 ) assignment costs to each activity, ( 3 ) find the cost driver for each activity, and ( 4 ) delegating the cost of activities to be objects. degree Celsius ) To: Management of WWonka PLC Report on activity-based costing attack In the 1980s, more and more houses adopted activity-based costing to replace the volume-based costing system. The volume-based system merely takes history of direct costs and uses an overhead rate that may over-cost or under-cost the merchandise. By implementing ABC, it shows the consequence of differences in activities and alterations in costs. It merely charges for resources consumed and generates the most accurate costs. Firms are benefited greatly by the acceptance of activity-based costing attack. ABC assigns cost more suitably and instructively so that company could accomplish better measurings on merchandise and client profitableness. This provides information to the company for doing better strategic determinations such as pricing and gives the company a cost advantage over rivals. Besides, ABC measures the activity-driving costs more accurately. This helps the troughs identify the value-added and non-value-added activities which enables the company to further value enhancement undertakings and procedure value by doing better determinations. Besides, ABC draws director ‘s attending on those inefficiencies so that betterments can be made and allocate resources to the most good merchandise. In add-on, the betterment on cost decrease causes better cost appraisal for planning and budgeting. ABC can used to supervise costs every bit good. By comparing the costs and doing accommodation, this hel ps the house to command the cost tendencies. Furthermore, ABC can be used as a benchmark to compare the public presentation with similar houses and do betterment. Furthermore, ABC bing helps to place and command the cost of underutilization of capacity. Generally, many workss have extra capacity in off seasons. The ABC system helps to pull off capacity degree of houses to cut down the cost of fresh capacity and set the monetary value suitably. Although ABC brings many benefits to the houses, there are some restrictions that need to aware. First, WWonka plc is presently utilizing soaking up costing, put ining a new ABC system is dearly-won and time-consuming. The cost may outweigh the benefits bring to the company. Second, companies do non hold big figure of merchandises have small benefit from ABC. As WWonka has merely two types of orders, ABC attack is non that worthwhile. Third, some concern prolonging costs such as belongings revenue enhancement and mill insurance require allotments to sections and based on volume steps. These costs are hard to delegate and necessitate to utilize the volume-based cost driver. Fourthly, some costs such as advertisement disbursals, research and development are omitted in ABC system because the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles regard these costs as period costs. ABC system provides elaborate information to directors for decision-making. By activity analysis, cost can be reduced in four ways: activity riddance, activity choice, activity sharing and activity decrease. First, the directors need to place the high-value-added and low-valued-added activities and merely maintain those that add value. In WWonka, wadding is a low-valued-added activity as it will non diminish clients ‘ satisfaction much if eliminated. On the other manus, bringing is a high-valued-added activity as it increases significantly the value of the merchandise to clients. The above pie charts show the per centum cost of activities in order A and B. From the informations in portion B, the merchandising and distribution operating expenses are a‚Â ¤101.88 for order A and a‚Â ¤182.48 for B. The list monetary value of order B is a‚Â ¤400 lower than order A, directors could set the list monetary value of order B somewhat in order to do order B more profitable. Besides, from the charts, we can see that the wadding costs occupy rather a big part of the entire operating expenses in both order A and B. As wadding is a comparatively low-value-added activity, WWonka could take down the wadding cost for illustration by utilizing cheaper or recycled wrapping stuff and go more environmentally friendly. Furthermore, WWonka could buy larger bringing vehicles which can transport more bundles in one clip. This could cut down the clip of going back to the house and shortens the bringing clip. Furthermore, in order B, the specific bringing distance is 48 stat mis which is about 5 times of order A ( 10 stat mis ) , it might be inefficient if present both A and B together by utilizing the same vehicle. WWonka could present order A & A ; B individually in order to use the bringing vehicles more expeditiously. In add-on, the other operating expenses contribute a high part of the operating expenses every bit good. These cost may deduce from reviews, blessings and rework. These activities can be eliminated by quality confidence methods such as ISO 9000 and entire quality direction. These can keep the quality of cocoas and some of the costs can be eliminated or reduced. Finally, WWonka can better public presentation and cut costs by concern procedure reengineering, the reengineering squads can utilize the informations in portion B and reengineer the procedure and do betterments in every facets. Through activity-based direction, directors can better efficiency and effectivity of the organisation and increase profitableness and fight. vitamin D ) Activity-based bing brings many benefits to the company. However, it is non the optimum costing system for every organisation. Generally, ABC is effectual for organisations that have intensive competition, diverse scope of merchandises, operating expenses are the chief cost of the merchandise and high handiness of information aggregation processs and resources. For individual merchandise houses, all costs are attributed to the individual merchandise straight, the operating expenses consumed by each merchandise are comparatively similar or equal and will merely creates small deformation of costs when utilizing volume-based-costing system. It is non worthwhile to run ABC. However, when there is a high diverseness of merchandises, ABC calculates the costs more accurately than volume-based costing. In a merchandise mix company, every single merchandise has different parts in ingestion of operating expenses because of different merchandise size, complexness, setup clip and procedure. Each single merchandise ‘s usage of resources differs from the usage of volume-based cost drivers so that it can non mensurate by the volume-based-costing systems. Otherwise, it may hold cost deformation and cause important errors in determination. Hence, ABC is effectual for merchandise mix instead than individual merchandise house. Besides, cost construction is a standard to make up one's mind the effectivity of a costing system. ABC will be most effectual when operating expenses have a important part of entire cost and big portion of the costs is non related to production volume straight. For illustration, in an accounting house, supplying professional services to clients is the chief occupation of the company. Wages are the largest cost while indirect costs merely constitute a low proportion of the entire costs. In this instance, labor costs are the bulk of the entire cost and ABC is less preferable as the costs could be traced easy. In contrast, a fabrication house will hold wholly different cost construction. The indirect operating expenses have a high proportion of the entire costs. For these types of houses, ABC is more effectual because the volume-based costing system causes inaccuracies in delegating costs and has negative impact on the company. Furthermore, the handiness of information aggregation processs and resources is one of the factors as good. In order to run a sophisticated ABC system, it needs plentifulness of financess and clip. Therefore, companies need to hold sufficient resources such as capital and professional technicians to run ABC. Furthermore, companies need to make research to construct up a set of singular processs for the system. If a company does non hold proper processs to roll up information that the system needs, it would non work decently and direction can non do the best determination and betterment for the house suitably. Therefore, insufficient of information can non ease an first-class activity-based costing system. The more information the company collects, the easier to put up the system and run more efficaciously. However, on the other manus, ABC system will non work successfully if the company does non hold sufficient information in puting up the processs. Hence, handiness of information is of import to impact the effectivity of ABC. To sum up, high handiness of informat ion aggregation processs and resources would ease an effectual ABC and frailty versa. In decision, activity-based costing system reduces deformation of costs and outputs information for direction to steer decision-making. Therefore, although implementing and ABC system is clip devouring and expensive, it is still worthwhile to run as the benefits from ABC normally exceeds the cost of put ining the system.

Hidden Figures Women Against All Odds Professor Ramos Blog

Hidden Figures Women Against All Odds Hidden Figures is a movie based on a true story about three amazing black women who work at NASA as mathematician in West Virginia 1961. They are not just trying to change the world, but they are trying to change history. They are battling with feminism, sexism, racism, discrimination and segregation. Despite everything thrown their way they continued to beat all odds to get their pilot John Glenn to space. They are the brains of the operations working in three separate departments of NASA. This movie is a five out of five and one to put on your bucket list if you haven’t already seen it.   Katherine Coleman Goble Johnson was played by Taraji P Henson. Her job position at NASA was consider a â€Å"human computer† in the space task force. She would calculate the trajectory computations for the capsule orbit and for its reentry into the Earth’s atmosphere.  She played a major part in making sure all the numbers and points matched.  She had to gain her trust  and spot  in the space task force, being she was the only female in that department, what  makes  matters worse is she was the only  black in that department as well. She had a lot on her plate and managed to make all ends meet.  Katherine had to deal with the math constantly changing and she couldn’t be briefed on all the information because she was a female. She had to miss out on a lot of data changes because she had to go to the bathroom which was a half of mile away because there was no black bathroom for her to use in her unit. â€Å"The limited number of women and people of color in the field make it problematic, in some cases, when entering predominantly  White male organizations† (Ballenger et al. 160).  Katherine’s boss Al Harrison played by Kevin Costner does not care about her race her gender he just wants her to be able to get her work done to help get a successful launch into space, and he made it very clear.   Mary Jackson who was played by Janelle  Monae’ worked in the engineer department, but was also known as a â€Å"human computer†. She strives to make the impossible possible and spoke nothing but the truth. Her boss Mr. Zelinski told her there was an opening in the engineer training program, Mary told him she won’t entertain the idea because she is a negro woman  an  that is impossible for her to be an engineer. She then sat out and pushed to work to become that engineer.  But she was told she was not qualified enough to have that position. Mary then had to go to court to be able to attend  an  all white  school too be able to be qualified to work at NASA as an engineer instead.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Every time we have a chance to get ahead, they move the finish line. Every time.† (Mary Jackson).  Ã‚   The last mathematician and â€Å"human computer†Ã‚  is  Dorothy Vaughan played by Octavia Spencer. Dorothy was in charge of all the human computers in the West Area Computing without the title of it, which was the supervisor role. She was a natural leader, and she strives to get the position she worked for. She paid attention to what was going on throughout NASA and instead of them losing out on work she got ahead and stepped up to keep them employed. NASA was bringing in a machine called the IBM that did the math of over 24,000 workers. Dorothy had to teach her and her girls how to work the IBM machine without anybody aware of her actions, because if she didn’t, they would soon be out of work. â€Å"One area in particular where black women stand apart is in their reporting of having been passed over for the most important assignments because of their gender – 22% of employed black women say this has happened to them, compared with 8% of whites and 9% of Hispa nics.† (Parker and Funk 1). This is what Ms. Vaughan was experiencing, even though she had the knowledge and experience she wasn’t qualified enough because of  her race.  Dorothy boss Ms. Mitchell was a white woman who ignored all of Ms. Vaughan request and continues to let her know she should just be happy she has a job. Despite that Dorothy worked hard to make sure that her or any of her girls went unnoticed.  Ã‚   Hidden Figures is a must-see movie. I will proudly give this movie an A.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Within  fifteen years of the enactment of Title VII, the wage income  of women increased by $22 billion, and more than four million women were  working in higher job categories.  Although women have continued to experience improvement in working conditions, employment discrimination against  women persists in various forms in at least three distinct categories: overt sex  discrimination, sex stereotyping, and disparate treatment.† (Gregory 38).  As a black female, it gives you light that no matter what challenges you encounter you too are capable of being whatever it is you want to be, it may be  a  challenge,  but it is worth it to make a difference in life.  If you haven’t seen this take the time out of your schedule get your popcorn and all your snacks and be prepared to enjoy a movie that won’t  bore,  you but will enlighten you on history in two ways. One Americans were the first to orbit Earth. Second, no matter what your race is you will be proud to watch these three ladies continue to hold their head up and make history by just doing their job and what they love. Hidden Figures won many awards this film and even nominated for Oscar awards. Here are a few they won, Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture,  Blue Ribbon Awards for Best Foreign Film,  MTV Movie TV Award for Best Fight Against the System, and  NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Motion Picture.  Please if not for yourself do it for me and watch this movie and understand the amazing  attributions these  phenomenal  women did  and what a game  changer  it  became and  now, they are known forever.  Ã‚   Annotated Bib   Ballenger, Julia, et al.  Women of Color in  STEM†¯:  Navigating the Workforce. Information Age   Publishing, 2017. Pp157-178  EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?              direct=truedb=e000xnaAN=1424273site=ehost-live. This book talks about the diversity   in the STEM workplace and how they feel working in a predominately white male industry. Scholarly Source. I will use this to show how the ladies if hidden figures may have felt the same as the ladies going through it today.      Gregory, Raymond F. Women and Workplace  Discrimination†¯:  Overcoming Barriers to Gender Equality. Rutgers University Press, 2003.APA (American Psychological Assoc.) Gregory, R. F. (2003)New  Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press.  http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/ebookviewer/ebook/ZTAwMHhuYV9fMTA0OTIyX19BTg2?sid=e9944ffb-5817-404f-9eaa-96637b3315ba@sessionmgr120vid=2format=EBlpid=lp_28rid=0  Pp 38-47. This book talks about the women and their workplace. Scholarly Source. I will use this to show how women are affected by discrimination.   McElroy, Wendy, and Lewis Perry.†¯Freedom, Feminism, and the State. Vol. Second edition, Independent Institute, 2017.†¯EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=e000xnaAN=1530820site=ehost-live. This book talks about all the Feminist problems women have faced and are still facing. Scholarly Source. I will use this source to compare what the movie has dealt with in relation to what is still going on.   Melfi, Theodore  Hidden Figures.  January 6, 2017. This is the movie I am doing for my review. Primary Source. I will use this to explain my reasonings for my review.   Parker, Kim and Funk, Carl  pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/12/14/gender-discrimination-comes-in-many-forms-for-todays-working-women/  This cite talks about the stats of gender discrimination. Not scholarly, but  it shows  shows  the different discrimination for being women  and   for  women of color.  I  will use this to show the difference kinds of gender discrimination and how they all play a role in society.   WHITTAKER, E. W.  Solitudes of the  Workplace†¯:  Women in Universities. Montreal: MQUP, 2015.  Disponà ­vel  em: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=e000xnaAN=1130821site=ehost-livegt;.  Acesso  em: 28  nov.  2018. This text talks about women being treated differently in their workplace. Scholarly Source. I will use this to show how women are treated in their work place even if they hold the same degree as a man.  Ã‚     

Human Geography - an Overview (Cultural Geography)

Human Geography - an Overview (Cultural Geography) Human geography is one of the two major branches of geography (versus physical geography) and is often called cultural geography. Human geography is the study of the many cultural aspects found throughout the world and how they relate to the spaces and places where they originate and then travel as people continually move across various areas. Some of the main cultural phenomena studied in human geography include language, religion, different economic and governmental structures, art, music, and other cultural aspects that explain how and/or why people function as they do in the areas in which they live. Globalization is also becoming increasingly important to the field of human geography as it is allowing these specific aspects of culture to easily travel across the globe. Cultural landscapes are also important because they link culture to the physical environments in which people live. This is vital because it can either limit or nurture the development of various aspects of culture. For instance, people living in a rural area are often more culturally tied to the natural environment around them than those living in a large metropolitan area. This is generally the focus of the Man-Land Tradition in the Four Traditions of geography and studies human impact on nature, the impact of nature on humans, and peoples perception of the environment. History of Human Geography Human geography developed out of the University of California, Berkeley and was led by Carl Sauer. He used landscapes as the defining unit of geographic study and said that cultures develop because of the landscape but also help to develop the landscape as well. In addition, his work and the cultural geography of today is highly qualitative rather than quantitative - a main tenant of physical geography. Human Geography Today Today, human geography is still practiced and more specialized fields within it such as feminist geography, childrens geography, tourism studies, urban geography, the geography of sexuality and space, and political geography have developed to further aid in the study of cultural practices and human activities as they relate spatially to the world.

Books for Boys Recommended by Librarians

Books for Boys Recommended by Librarians If you are looking for books for boys, from young children to tweens and teens, youll be interested in these reading lists recommended by librarians. The books on these reading lists include childrens books and young adult (YA) books that will appeal to a wide range of ages and interests. Even boys who complain they can never find anything good to read and, as a result, are reluctant readers, should be able to find books they enjoy on some of these lists. 8 Reading Lists For Boys Young Adult Books with Guy AppealTeen librarian Jennifer Kendall recommends 10 books that have proven to be very popular with teen boys. Science fiction, fantasy, action, and adventure continue to be genres that teen boys particularly like.Great Books for BoysThis article and list of books recommended for boys come  from The National Childrens Book and Literacy Alliance. It includes a list of books recommended by The Horn Book in these categories: Picture Books, Middle-Grade Fiction, Young Adult Fiction, Non-fiction Middle School/High School and Poetry.Adventures in History for BoysThis brief reading list from the Central Rappahannock Regional Library in Virginia includes cover art and a brief summary for under a dozen books of historical fiction recommended for older boys.Especially for BoysThis annotated reading list of recommended books for boys is from the St. Charles Public Library in Illinois. It includes cover art and a brief summary of 160 books recommended for boys, from p reschool age through eighth grade. To narrow your search, you can search by grade range, which is very helpful. Recommended books include Richard Pecks A Season of Gifts and several by Sharon Creech. Good Books for GuysThe Multnomah County Library in Oregon provides five reading lists, divided by grade levels: Small Fries: Pre-K, Young Guys: 1-3, Middle Guys: 4-6, Large Fries: 7-8, Older Guys: 9-12. While not annotated, the lists include cover art. Among the series recommended for boys in grades 4-6 are Percy Jackson and the Olympians.Chapter Books for BoysThis annotated reading list from the Salt Lake City Public Library in Utah includes three dozen books. The list includes Dear Mr. Henshaw by Beverly Cleary and My Side of the Mountain by Jean Craighead George.Picture Books for BoysThe annotated reading list of 20 picture books includes  Where the Wild Things Are  by  Maurice Sendak. This is an annotated list from the Salt Lake City Public Library in Utah. Click on â€Å"check availability† to see the cover art. For General Information on Encouraging Reading Because the article covers a wide age range, all of the tips may not apply to your child. But some of the best tips include making sure your children see you reading on a regular basis, fully utilizing your public library, taking the time to help your child find books that match his interests and reading level and sharing books by reading them aloud and discussing them with your children.

Cooperative Strategy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cooperative Strategy - Case Study Example This is so especially when the industry wants to accrue most benefits from the collaboration. For the case of Apple inc. the joint ventures are the most appropriate. For instance through joint alliances with their companies such as HP, the company would benefit from designing software that will create network links with the two companies (Hitt, Ireland & Hoskisson 263). This combination will create a more competitive Apple as opposed to it working alone. The same applies for HP that would benefit for multiple partnerships from other companies such as IBM (Hitt, Ireland & Hoskisson 270). This will help HP create value for its products and still come up with a means of sharing resources and become more innovative in its creations. Hitt, Ireland & Hoskisson also say that through these alliances, firms gain access to their partners; thus, an increase in the chances of competitive advantage in the market

Critically assess the virtues and shortcomings of Britain's Essay

Critically assess the virtues and shortcomings of Britain's 'un-codified' Constitution. Critically assess the Pr - Essay Example For this reason, the acts and laws passed in parliament become the constitution, as long as they have respect to the sovereignty of parliament as well as the principles of governance and legislation. The parliament in this case is sovereign and superior to every other institution in Britain, which means that it has the mandate of interpreting the constitution, thereby representing the sovereign will of the people. The un-codified British constitution constitutes values and political ideas that are based on ideals and precepts rather than fundamentals that are based on texts or documents (Williams, 1998: p 57). This means that the constitution and laws are symbols of the embodiment of their political culture, traditions and values of the British society. One of the strengths of the un-codified British constitution is that it is flexible. Many countries with the codified constitution find it difficult to pass legislation since the government is accountable and the constitution is prote cts individuals. For instance, Britain was able to pass legislation meant to detain terror suspects for a long period after several terrorist attacks. Other countries with the codified constitution during this period found it difficult to do the same since their constitutions were protecting the liberties of individuals (Watts, 2007: p 204). For this reason, these governments were not able to detain the terror suspects for a long duration, as the relevant authorities continued with their investigations. Apart from the flexibility of the un-codified constitution, its other strength is that it is able to evolve. Individuals in society live according to the changes in the political climate. This gives the British parliament the power to change some of the laws that seem to be outdated, consequently changing the way people live in the society (Watts, 2007: p 202). The ability of the evolution of the un-codified constitution creates an environment that is comfortable for individuals to r eside. For instance, in 1867, sovereignty was given to parliament, after it was taken away from the monarchy, which was responsible for the creation of a democratic political environment. This change made it possible for individuals to know their place in society. On the other hand, other than the opposition in parliament, there are no provisions for checking the government. This is one of the major shortcomings of the un-codified constitution. The absence of the checks and balance mechanisms might lead to the creation of an unjust political system, where the government might be in a position to oppress individuals in the society selectively. Using the previous example on terrorism, the British government had the capability of holding suspects for long periods, and with the probability that they might be lacking enough evidence to charge them, the detainment would be an infringement on the rights of the individual. Contrary to this, the codified constitution presents an opportunity for the creation of a political system that is just (Williams, 1998: p 52). In this case, the government will not be able to oppress individuals in the society, unless they have concrete evidence that a suspect is a terrorist. Before charging the suspect, he or she will be able to continue enjoying some of the rights and freedoms in society.